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The Maldives (
/ˈmɒldaɪvz/ (
help·
info) or
/ˈmɒldiːvz/), (
Dhivehi: ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ Dhivehi Raa'je) or Maldive Islands, officially Republic of Maldives, is an
island country in the
Indian Ocean formed by a double chain of
twenty-six atolls stretching in a north-south direction off
India's
Lakshadweep islands, between
Minicoy Island and
Chagos Archipelago. It stands in the
Laccadive Sea, about seven hundred kilometres (435 mi) south-west of
Sri Lanka.
The
atolls of Maldives encompass a
territory spread over roughly 90,000 square kilometers, making it one of the most disparate countries in the world. It features 1,192
islets, of which two hundred are inhabited.
[5] The Republic of Maldives
capital and largest city is
Malé, with a population of 103,693 (2006). It is located at the southern edge of North
Malé Atoll, in the
Kaafu Atoll. It is also one of the
Administrative divisions of the Maldives. Traditionally it was the King's Island, from where the ancient Maldive Royal dynasties ruled and where the palace was located.
The Maldives is the smallest
Asian country in both population and area. With an average ground level of 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) above sea level, it is the lowest country on the planet.
[6] It is also the country with the
lowest highest point in the world, at 2.3 metres (7 ft 7 in).
[6] Etymology of "Maldives"
See also: Names of Maldives
The name "Maldives" may derive from Maale Dhivehi Raajje ("The Island Kingdom [under the authority of] Malé"), the local name for the Maldives. The island nation was synonymous with its capital "Maale" and sometimes called 'Mahaldeeb', and the people were called Maldivian 'Dhivehin'. The word Dheeb/Deeb (archaic Dhivehi, a corruption of Dweep (द्वीप) in Sanskrit) means 'island' and Dhives (Dhivehin) means 'islanders' (i.e., the Maldivians). During the colonial era, the Dutch referred to the country as Maldivische Eilanden in their documentation, while "Maldive Island" is the anglicized version of the local name used by the British, which later came to be written as Maldives.[citation needed]
The ancient Sri Lankan chronicle, the Mahawamsa refers to an island called Mahiladiva or 'Island of Women' (ंअहिलदिभ) in Pali. The Mahawamsa is derived from an even older Sinhala work dating back to the 2nd century BC.[citation needed]
Some scholars theorize that the name "Maldives" derives from the Sanskrit mālādvīpa (द्मालावीप), meaning "garland of islands".[7] None of the names are mentioned in any literature, but classical Sanskrit texts dating back to the Vedic times mention the "Hundred Thousand Islands" (Lakshadweepa), a generic name which would include not only the Maldives, but also the Laccadives and the Chagos island groups.[8]
Some medieval Arab travelers such as Ibn Batuta called the islands "Mahal Dibiyat" (مهل دبيأت) from the Arabic word Mahal ("place").[9] This is the name currently inscribed in the scroll of the Maldive state emblem. The classical Yemeni name for Maldives is Dibajat.[10]
Philostorgius, an Arian Greek historian who relates (circa AD 354) about a Divoeis (the Divaeans, pronounced Divians) hostage after fulfilling his mission to the Homerites, sailed to his island home known as "Divus" (Maldives).[11] The current name 'Maldives' also might have come from the Sinhalese word Maala Divaina, which means Necklace Islands, perhaps referring to the shape of the archipelago.[citation needed]
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